c. 2016–2018
State capture crisis intensifies
Investigations, leaks and public protest focused on alleged networks of corruption and institutional capture around the Zuma presidency, including the Gupta family nexus.
established
political-change
Investigations, leaks and public protest focused on alleged networks of corruption and institutional capture around the Zuma presidency, including the Gupta family nexus.
Significance
Undermined trust in democratic institutions and became a central justification for ANC leadership change.
Why it matters
Undermined trust in democratic institutions and became a central justification for ANC leadership change.
Disputed interpretations
The scope, legal characterisation and relative responsibility of actors in 'state capture' remain contested in politics and courts.